The technical factors that affect surface roughness in precision parts machining mainly include cutting parameters, tool geometry parameters, etc. Improvement needs to start from these aspects.

1. Cutting parameters

The larger the feed rate, the higher the height of the residual area, and the rougher the surface of the part. Therefore, reducing the feed rate can effectively reduce the surface roughness value.

The cutting speed also has a significant impact on surface roughness. When cutting elastic-plastic materials at medium speed, it is easy to produce chips and undergo large plastic deformation, resulting in a high surface roughness value of the processed parts. Usually, low-speed or high-speed cutting of elastoplastic materials can effectively avoid the occurrence of chip nodules, which has a positive effect on reducing surface roughness values.

2. Geometric parameters of cutting tools

The main deviation angle, secondary deviation angle, and tool tip arc radius in precision machining directly affect the surface roughness of the parts. When the feed rate is constant, reducing the main and auxiliary angles or increasing the radius of the tool tip arc can reduce the surface roughness value. In addition, by appropriately increasing the rake and rake angles, cutting deformation and friction between the front and rear cutting surfaces can be reduced, the generation of accumulated chips can be suppressed, and the surface roughness value can also be reduced.

Solving these problems can greatly reduce surface roughness issues.